How does scrambled indicia work

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Views Total views. Actions Shares. No notes for slide. Scrambled Indicia 1. GSSC has provided its patented security technology to government-authorized security printing firms and major corporations for more than thirty years. Our technology protects billions of printed packages and documents every year.

You can count on consistent quality and seamless, unobtrusive integration into your product or package design and production process. This can generally be done regardless of the technology you use: digital, etching, flexography, gravure, holography, intaglio, letterpress, lithography, silkscreen… www. Digital Document Security. The file is inserted into the document and printed with it. Invisible to the naked eye. Easily reveal differences.

Cannot be copied or cannibalized. Can be decoded optically or digitally. We were contacted by the IRS in reference to a local tax preparer who had a counterfeit W-2 in their possession.

Police executed a search warrant at her home and found more than 75 counterfeit W-2s and a typewriter that the forms were being typed on, Kaho said. However, Thomas was not at home and police have a warrant for her arrest on a charge of conspiracy to utter forgery, Kaho said.

We're trying to get as much cooperation from them as possible. The covert, scrambled image is imparted to the document with an ink or other substance that is essentially colorless in that part of the electromagnetic spectrum to which the human eye is sensitive i.

Ideally, the ink or other substance will have a gloss, or lack thereof, which matches the base substrate to avoid identification by inspection at oblique angles. The colorless substance can be comprised of ultra-violet UV fluorescing agents or infrared IR fluorescing agents. The application of the correct excitation wavelength s will cause the scrambled image to appear at wavelengths visible to the human eye.

At this time a descrambling lens can be simultaneously placed on top of the scrambled image to extract the original, unscrambled image. Alternately, the latent scrambled image can be imparted to the substrate through other means, such as photographic exposure, liquid crystal compounds, mechanical embossing, and other technologies capable of imparting latent images to the substrates.

To prevent unauthorized duplication or alteration of documents, frequently there is special indicia or a background pattern provided for sheet materials such as tickets, checks, currency and the like. The indicia or background pattern is imposed upon the sheet material usually by some type of printing process, such as offset printing, lithography, letterpress or other like mechanical systems, by a variety of photographic methods, by xeroprinting, and a host of other methods.

The pattern or indicia may be produced with ordinary inks, from special inks which may be magnetic, fluorescent, or the like, from powders which may be baked on, from light sensitive materials such silver salts and azo dyes, and the like. Most of these patterns placed on sheet materials depend upon complexity and resolution to avoid ready duplication. Consequently, they add an increment of cost to the sheet material without being fully effective in many instances in providing the desired protection from unauthorized duplication or alteration.

Such products and encoding systems are disclosed in U. An object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide an improved and novel system for coding and decoding indicia or printed matter. Yet other objects of the present invention are to provide a novel sheet material having indicia thereon in scrambled or coded form; to provide a system for decoding such novel sheet material; and to provide a novel method for producing visually scrambled or coded indicia.

To effect the foregoing and other objects of the present invention, generally there is provided sheet material upon which indicia are imprinted in scrambled form that readily lends itself to decoding, yet which is extremely difficult to reproduce without intimate knowledge of parameters involved in producing it.

The indicia are preferably produced photographically in the manner, which scrambles the indicia so that it cannot be directly identified without unscrambling or decoding. The photographic method employs an autostereoscopic camera, such as the one described in U.

The disclosures of U. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method of generating a scrambled image comprises the steps of visually scrambling a graphic element to provide a scrambled image and imparting the scrambled image to a substrate to form an invisible latent image that can be visualized by rendering the invisible latent image temporarily visible and descrambling the temporarily visible latent image. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a security device comprises a scrambling device for visually scrambling a graphic element to provide a scrambled image and imparting the scrambled image to a substrate to form an invisible latent image that can be visualized by rendering the invisible latent image temporarily visible and descrambling the temporarily visible latent image.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the security device as aforesaid, additionally comprises a decoding device for visualizing the graphic element by rendering the latent image temporarily visible and descrambling the temporarily visible latent image. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a product, such as a novelty toy, scratch-off game and the like, comprises a scrambling device for visually scrambling a graphic element to provide a scrambled image and imparting the scrambled image to a substrate to form an unintelligible latent image that can be visualized by rendering the unintelligible image temporarily intelligible and descrambling the temporarily visible latent image.

Various other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become readily apparent from the ensuing detailed description, and the novel features will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The following detailed description, given by way of example, and not intended to limit the present invention solely thereto, will best be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, autostereoscopic photographs in the form of parallax panoramagrams are produced utilizing a camera having a conventional objective lens, preferably corrected to have a flat field generally defined as that surface in which the sharpest images are formed by a lens system when the viewed object is at infinity, or the loci of all points of collimated light imaged by the lens system.

During the period of exposure, the lens is moved relative to the subject in a generally horizontal direction, linearly and at a right angle to the optical axis of the lens. This movement causes a continuously changing aspect of the subject to be presented to the camera lens. A graticule, in the form of a grid comprising narrow, substantially vertical and parallel opaque strips separated by narrower transparent strips or, preferably a lenticular screen comprising substantially vertical contiguous cylindrical lenticules, is located between the lens and the image plane defined as that surface, generally referred to as a plane at which a lens system forms the sharpest image of an object which is at some position in front of the lens closely adjacent the image plane.

A photosensitive element such as a sensitized film is positioned at the combined image plane of the lens and graticule. During exposure, the graticule and film are moved together relative to the lens to expose successive portions of the photosensitive element underlying the graticule.

However, due to the spacing between the lens surfaces of the graticule and photosensitive element, the ray will fall upon the photosensitive element at progressively different points as the camera lens and back are moved, so that different aspects of the subject are presented to the lens and recorded by the photosensitive element. In the method of the present invention, the camera however, is deliberately defocused from the subject center either in front or in back thereof while the camera elements are still set up so that the light rays from the subject center pass through the second conjugate point of the lens.

This produces a photograph which is not only a lenticular dissection of the image, but in which the displacement between the subject center and the second conjugate point introduces a scrambling factor. This photograph can be recorded on film, preferably of the self-developing type, or if multiple versions of the scrambled indicia are desired, screen positives typically using a fine screen of substantially lines per inch if the indicia to be printed are half tones can then be made from the photographic image provided by the camera.

A printing plate is then prepared from the positive, and sheet material is printed from the plate, for example, by an offset printing machine.

It should be understood that the printing plate may also be made from the negative and that other printing systems can be employed to produce printed multiple versions of the indicia on sheet material.

The defocused lenticular dissections or scrambled indicia thus printed are essentially unrecognizable in the sense that the original form of the indicia cannot be identified by unaided vision.

The scrambled indicia, however, can be reconstructed, unscrambled or decoded by positioning over the printed image, a transparent lenticular screen of the same nature as that used in the camera in terms of the number of lenticules per inch and the radius of curvature of the lenticules, provided, however, that the lenticular screen is positioned in the same relation to the scrambled indicia as it was positioned to the photographic image from which the printing plates were made, and also provided that there has been no magnification, either positive or negative, of the printed form of the scrambled indicia with respect to the photographic image.

It is appreciated that the present system can be used for many purposes such as background patterns, on documents which must be safeguarded against erasures, forgeries, counterfeiting and the like. The system may also be used for games and educational purposes, where, for example, test answers in the scrambled or coded form according to the invention can be put on the same test sheet as that containing the questions in uncoded form.

Due to the inherent properties of the system, it can be used for all kinds of work other than line work, logos, solids and signatures, such as for continuous tone and half-tone material. The present invention can be used in applications other than ink-on-paper documents, such as laminated or otherwise constructed ID cards, holographic laminates, holographic labels, credit cards, non-holographic laminates, holographic and non-holographic hot-stamp foils, novelty toys, scratch-off cards, lottery, among others.

The present invention is not limited in practice to any specific base substrate. Exemplary applications of the present invention are now described:. A scrambling algorithm is applied to the design, rendering it scrambled and unintelligible to the naked eye.

The scrambling algorithm is consistent with the characteristics of the particular decoding device that will be used to descramble the image. The scrambled design is then replicated on a continuous or discrete substrate using known printing techniques.

The scrambled design is effectively invisible but latent. The continuous or discrete substrate is then used to produce some item s in the usual manner. The finished item shows no evidence of the presence of a scrambled design. However, upon application of an enabling factor, the scrambled image becomes visible and can be descrambled with the decoding device.

A computer optical scrambling algorithm is applied to the design, rendering it scrambled and unintelligible to the naked eye. The scrambling algorithm is based upon the known transmission characteristics of the particular decoding device—in this example a cylindrical lenticular lens with a pitch of 0.

This algorithm can be either a computerized graphic function or can be an optical process that alters the image as desired.

The scrambled design is then replicated using known techniques into a flexographic printing plate. The flexographic printing plate is mounted on a flexographic printing press print cylinder and mounted in the print station of the press.

Ultra violet UV fluorescing ink that appears clear and colorless at those wavelengths of light detectable by the human eye is added to the ink pan for this particular print station. The ink is solvent based and is cured by evaporating the solvent vehicle after application to the web. The press is started and the print cylinder is engaged to contact the polyester web such that the scrambled pattern is printed on the surface of the web in UV fluorescing ink.

The web passes through at least one heater to evaporate the solvent base, leaving the ink essentially permanently attached to the polyester web. The polyester web is then used to produce holographic label stock in the usual manner.

The finished hologram shows no evidence of the presence of a scrambled design. However, upon excitation with the appropriate wavelength s of UV light, the scrambled design becomes visible. An optical scrambling technique is applied to the design, rendering it scrambled and unintelligible to the naked eye.

The scrambling technique incorporates the use of a copy of the very decoding device that will be used to de-scramble the image. The scrambled image is recorded on a photographic emulsion and developed using known techniques. The scrambled design is then replicated using known techniques into a gravure cylinder. The gravure cylinder is mounted in the print station of a gravure printing press. Exposing it to UV radiation after application to the web cures the ink. The press is started and the print cylinder is engaged to contact a transfer roller, the transfer roller then contacting the polystyrene web such that the scrambled pattern is printed on the surface of the web in UV fluorescing ink.

The web passes through at least one UV curing station, leaving the ink essentially permanently attached to the polystyrene web. The polystyrene web is then used to produce holographic label stock in the usual manner. A graphic design comprising the image of a corporate logo is generated on a computer. The scrambling algorithm is based upon the known transmission characteristics of the particular decoding device—in this example a complex lenticular lens—which will be placed directly on the scrambled image in order to de-scramble it.

The scrambled design is then replicated using known techniques into an optical transparency. This transparency is then used, in conjunction with a source of polarized electromagnetic radiation, to create regions of known molecular orientation in a layer of polymer that has been applied to a substrate. The substrate is then subsequently coated with a compound comprising liquid crystals.